April 24, 2024

Gardening Resources

Today I thought that I would list some of the gardening resources I have used. I’m sure some of you have others, please add them in the comments and I’ll add them to the list. All descriptions are taken from the site that I am linking to.

Sites to order seeds.

Seed Savers Exchange
“Seed Savers Exchange is a non-profit organization dedicated to saving and sharing heirloom seeds. Since 1975, our members have been passing on our garden heritage by collecting and distributing thousands of samples of rare garden seeds to other gardeners”

Seeds of Change
“In 1989, Seeds of Change began with a simple mission: to preserve biodiversity and promote sustainable, organic agriculture. By cultivating and sharing an extensive range of organically grown vegetable, flower, herb and cover crop seeds, we have honored that mission for almost 25 years.”

Baker Creek Heirloom Seeds
“Located in South Western Pennsylvania, we are a small, family run seed house that has been in the mail order business since 1988. When we started this business, our first priority was to offer old fashioned vegetables noted for their taste. All of the varieties we offer are open pollinated (non hybrid) and have been grown by generations of backyard gardeners. ”

 

Magazine


Organic Gardening Magazine
All descriptions are taken from the site that I am linking to.
 
Books
 book descriptions taken from Amazon

Organic Gardening (Botanica’s Pocket)
Ranging from A to Z, Botanica’s pocket series presents more than 2,000 plant descriptions, each accompanied by brilliant color photographs. Every description includes tips on care and location, information on origins, planting and blooming times, forms of growth, frost hardiness and suggestions for beautiful arrangements. A treasure chest for every gardener and nature lover: for browsing, learning, seeking and finding.

 


The Organic Gardener’s Handbook of Natural Insect and Disease Control: A Complete Problem-Solving Guide to Keeping Your Garden and Yard Healthy Without Chemicals
End your worries about garden problems with safe, effective solutions from The Organic Gardener’s Handbook of Natural Insect and Disease Control!
* Easy-to-use problem-solving encyclopedia covers more than 200 vegetables, fruits, herbs, flowers, trees, and shrubs
* Complete directions on how, when, and where to use preventive methods, insect traps and barriers, biocontrols, homemade remedies, botanical insecticides, and more
* More than 350 color photos for quick identification of insect pests, beneficial insects, and plant diseases.

 

Seed to Seed: Seed Saving and Growing Techniques for Vegetable Gardeners, 2nd Edition
Seed to Seed is a complete seed-saving guide that describes specific techniques for saving the seeds of 160 different vegetables. This book contains detailed information about each vegetable, including its botanical classification, flower structure and means of pollination, required population size, isolation distance, techniques for caging or hand-pollination, and also the proper methods for harvesting, drying, cleaning, and storing the seeds.

 


Rodale’s Ultimate Encyclopedia of Organic Gardening: The Indispensable Green Resource for Every Gardener
Rodale’s Ultimate Encyclopedia of Organic Gardening has been the go-to resource for gardeners for more than 50 years—and the best tool novices can buy to start applying organic methods to their fruit and vegetable crops, herbs, trees and shrubs, perennials, annuals, and lawns. This thoroughly revised and updated version highlights new organic pest controls, new fertilizer products, improved gardening techniques, the latest organic soil practices, and new trends in garden design.


Insect, Disease & Weed I.D. Guide: Find-It-Fast Organic Solutions for Your Garden (Rodale Organic Gardening Book)
What is it? Why is it in your garden? How can you make it go away? Or should you try to keep it there? Use this book to know what’s what in your garden, lawn, and landscape. Uncover the identity of each garden mystery you meet, them learn exactly what– if anything– to do about it. From banishing pests and diseases to wiping out weeds to creating a haven for garden good guys, you’ll find safe, sensible, all-organic recommendations to help you make the best choices for our garden.

 


All New Square Foot Gardening, Second Edition: The Revolutionary Way to Grow More In Less Space
“Bartholomew, author of the popular Square Foot Gardening (1981), has refined his original square-foot gardening concept by adding ten improvements, including a new location for the garden that is closer to the house, a special soil mix, and six-inch deep, 4′ x 4′ above-ground boxes with grids. His techniques do not require heavy digging or fertilizers and feature advice on using vertical gardening to save space. He clearly explains the square-foot concept, from the rationale behind it (the square-foot garden takes up much less space than traditional row gardening and saves time, money, and aggravation) to how to plan the garden, build the boxes and vertical supports, and employ his planting and cultural techniques. There are also helpful charts for succession planting and spacing plants and a schedule for starting seeds indoors. Despite its somewhat annoying tendency to read like an infomercial, this attractive, easy-to-understand, and well-organized book for both novice and experienced gardeners is recommended for all libraries.” — Library Journal

 

The Vegetable Gardener’s Bible (10th Anniversary Edition)
The invaluable resource for home food gardeners! Ed Smith’s W-O-R-D system has helped countless gardeners grow an abundance of vegetables and herbs. And those tomatoes and zucchini and basil and cucumbers have nourished countless families, neighbors, and friends with delicious, fresh produce. The Vegetable Gardener’s Bible is essential reading for locavores in every corner of North America!

Everything you loved about the first edition of The Vegetable Gardener’s Bible is still here: friendly, accessible language; full-color photography; comprehensive vegetable specific information in the A-to-Z section; ahead-of-its-time commitment to organic methods; and much more.
 


The Heirloom Life Gardener: The Baker Creek Way of Growing Your Own Food Easily and Naturally
Tired of genetically modified food every day, Americans are moving more toward eating natural, locally grown food that is free of pesticides and preservatives—and there is no better way to ensure this than to grow it yourself. Anyone can start a garden, whether in a backyard or on a city rooftop; but what they need to truly succeed is The Heirloom Life Gardener, a comprehensive guide to cultivating heirloom vegetables.

In this invaluable resource, Jere and Emilee Gettle, cofounders of the Baker Creek Heirloom Seed Company, offer a wealth of knowledge to every kind of gardener—experienced pros and novices alike. In his friendly voice, complemented by gorgeous photographs, Jere gives planting, growing, harvesting, and seed saving tips. In addition, an extensive A to Z Growing Guide includes amazing heirloom varieties that many people have never even seen. From seed collecting to the history of seed varieties and name origins, Jere takes you far beyond the heirloom tomato. This is the first book of its kind that is not only a guide to growing beautiful and delicious vegetables, but also a way to join the movement of people who long for real food and a truer way of living.
 

Earth User’s Guide to Permaculture, 2nd Edition
The principle for permaculture is simple: provide back to the earth what we take from it to create a sustainable environment. The three principle aims are: Care for people; Care for the earth; and Redistributing everything surplus to one’s needs.

This completely revised and updated edition of Rosemary Morrow’s highly successful Earth User’s Guide to Permaculture is a straight-forward manual of practical permaculture. Fundamentally, permaculture is design science and in this new edition design is emphasised. This book will be most beneficial if you apply it to the space where you live and work. The same principles apply for becoming more sustainable and living lightly whether you live in a small city apartment with a balcony, in a house with a garden in the suburbs, or on acreage in the country.

Included in this new edition are chapters on seed-saving, permaculture at work, integrated pest management, information about domestic as well as rural water usage, a non-destructive approach towards dealing with weeds and wildlife, and designing to withstand a disaster.
Earth User’s Guide to Permaculture is suitable for beginners as well as experienced permaculture practitioners looking for new ideas in moving towards greater self-reliance and sustainable living.

 
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Prepared Christian Book Review of: All New Square Foot Gardening

The book All New Square Foot Gardening, Second Edition by Mel Bartholomew, was recommended on many forums that I visit. When we decided to put in a garden, it was one of the first books we ordered. I helped my parents in the garden as a child but haven’t had a garden of my own. This book is an excellent resource for those with little to no gardening experience as well as those who are new to square foot or raised bed gardening. For those who don’t know, the biggest difference between raised bed and square foot gardening is that in square foot gardening, you section off the raised beds, using 1 foot by 1 foot sections.

As I mentioned, the book is an excellent resource and came with me every time I planted. It explains how to make the beds, trellises, mesh coverings and explains how to section the beds. It also gives information on vegetables, fruits and some popular plants and flowers, such as growing season, seed to harvest and whether seeds can be started indoors or not. Mel also gives tips on starting, growing, harvesting and preparing as well as some other hints and tips.

Since this type of gardening was new to me, I appreciated that there were charts for spacing of numerous vegetables. The back of the book is loaded with charts that give the planting schedule from last frost to the first frost for numerous vegetables.

There were a few things that I either modified or wish I would have. First is the trellis that I mentioned yesterday. The way I came up with just seems so much sturdier to me. Either way will work, but the trellis I came up with can be taken down at the end of harvest and used again the next year with no extra effort. Second is “Mel’s mix”, he recommends that 1/3 blended compost, 1/3 Peat Moss and 1/3 Coarse Vermiculite be mixed together and added to the beds. I had quite a few boxes and this mix was just too expensive. I ended up buying a yard of black dirt, a few big bags of Peat Moss and a bunch of compost, which worked just fine. When bringing in black dirt, there is a danger of bringing in weeds with it, but if your mulch is thick enough, you don’t have to worry about weeds.

The last thing is something I really wish he hadn’t recommended; lining the bottom of the boxes with garden fabric. I’m sure the thought was to keep weeds from coming through underneath, but as I mentioned, if you mulch thick enough, weeds aren’t a bother. Having the bottoms lined also stops beneficial bugs, worms and other organisms from coming up into the box from the bottom. Most importantly, it keeps your roots from going any deeper than the boxes’ depth. He recommends using 2×6 lumber, which simply isn’t deep enough for some plants.

I give the book 4 stars despite my three complaints. This book is a must have for any newbie to raised bed or square foot gardening. When I figure out what I am going to do with my yard, it’ll go back out with me to plant.

 
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Building a Garden Trellis with PVC

In both raised bed and square foot gardening, trellises are used to grow vertical instead of horizontal. This provides for maximum growing space in the smallest footprint.

The All New Square Foot Gardening, Second Edition book lists rebar, electrical conduit and trellis netting, for the supplies to make a trellis. I looked at that option and didn’t care for the trellis netting so I came up with what I think is a better solution.

It includes green vinyl coated garden fence, ½ inch PVC, some PVC elbows, a few long threaded rods, zip ties and green spray paint. For tools you’ll need a hack saw to cut the threaded rods, a hack saw or PVC Pipe Cutter to cut the PVC, a hammer to pound the threaded rods and a wire snips to trim the zip ties.

I wish I could give you a video or step by step pictures, but the only ones I have are with the trellises completely done and in place. If this article doesn’t make sense I’ll make a video this spring.

  1. Measure the length of the box and cut a piece of PVC to that length as well as two vertical pieces the same length as each other, I made them around four feet.
  2.  Put the three pieces together with two PVC elbows.
  3. Unroll the green fencing and cut a length the same length and width as your PVC frame. You’ll want it off the soil, but only a couple of inches. Lay the PVC over the frame and attached it with some zip ties, every foot or so.
  4. Cut the threaded rod into two 4 foot sections and placed them in the ground, the width of the PVC frame apart from each other. Pound each piece two feet deep and slide the PVC over the threaded rods. Voila, trellis!

We left the PVC white the first year and it was UGLY. We took them to the garage and spray painted them with some green outdoor spray paint at the beginning of our second year.

(click the picture to get a better view)


 
After harvest, just pull the vegetation from the trellis and throw it in the composter. Put the trellis in the shed for next year.

We used the same green vinyl coated fencing with garden zone utility fencing to surround our garden. The young rabbits were still able to fit through, so we added chicken wire to the bottom two feet. This completely stopped them.

I made a PVC square the size of the entry for a “gate”. I used PVC elbows on the top and PVC “T’s” on the bottom. I used a 3’ section of threaded rod on one side and a 1’ section of threaded rod on the other. We used the longer side as the stationary side, lifting the smaller side off the threaded rod to pivot the “gate” open.

Here is a trellis I came up with for pole green beans, its six feet tall, but they would have kept going. I put the trellises this direction to make it easier to reach the beans, as it’s in the corner of the garden with fence on two sides. I also didn’t put them in very tight, this way I could slide them side to side a little to make more room.

 
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Principles of Gardening

It’s that time of year (at least in Minnesota) to be ordering seeds for planning this year’s garden. I think that gardening is a skillset that more people should have, but there is a learning curve. It’s more than just throwing a seed in the dirt and picking the produce. If you’re looking to make the leap from just prepping to homesteading, gardening is the perfect transition. Plus, with the ever growing cost of groceries, a garden is one way to reduce the cost of food.

We tried for a few years, but there is just too much shade in our yard for a garden, so we won’t be planting one this year. I’m by no means a master gardener, but I thought I would share some of the things I have learned along the way.

This article is geared more toward the beginner gardener, but if you pros have anything to offer, please do so in the comment section.
 
 
Heirloom vs. Hybrid

Hybrid vegetables are the result of cross-pollination of two compatible plant types. This is done to take advantage of the features of both plants, to increase yield, disease resistance, cold tolerance etc. Hybrid seeds are sterile, so you would have to purchase new seeds each season. Hybrid seeds are not GMO (Genetically Modified Organism), which are seeds that have had DNA of plants, animals or microorganisms spliced into the DNA of the plant. Heirloom plants are grown from heirloom seeds which are harvested from the heirloom plant at the end of the growing season. For more information, here is another article on Heirloom and Hybrid seeds.
 
 
Zone Hardiness Map

Before you decide on what kind of vegetables to grow, take a look at the USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map.. Chances are that your local store will only have the seeds or plants that are hardy for your zone, but better safe than sorry.
 
 
Starting Seeds or Buying Plants

For beginner gardeners it is probably easier to purchase plants from a greenhouse that you trust. However, I think that starting seedlings is a skill set that every gardener should have. If you plan to start them from seed, the Soil Cube is something you might want to invest in. It is much better than the seedling pods that I have used in the past.
 
 
Traditional vs. Square Foot vs. Raised Bed

Traditional gardening is what most people think of; tilled soil and things planted in rows. This is the kind of gardening my parents did when I was a kid. Square Foot gardening plants things more densely and makes use of trellises to grow up, instead of spread out. Mel Bartholomew’s All New Square Foot Gardening, Second Edition is a great book on the subject and I’ll be reviewing it on Thursday. Raised bed gardening uses the same style beds as square foot gardening, but there are no 1’x1′ sectioned off squares.

The benefit of using a raised bed is that if the soil in your yard isn’t the best for gardening, you can bring soil in as well as compost and other amendments. Also the use of a trellis lets you grow a lot more in a smaller area.
 
 
To Till or Not to Till

As I mentioned, when I was a kid, my parents had a traditional garden. Every spring we would get the tiller out and till the soil before we planted. In my research on gardening I have found that tilling destroys the eco-system below the surface, which is made up of organic matter, fungi, worms, water and microorganisms.
 
 
Mulch

Mulch does a lot for a garden. It helps keep the soil moist, protects against weeds and many other things. There are organic things like straw, leaves, grass clippings, compost and others, as well as inorganic such as black plastic. This article from HGTV gives you some Mulching No-Nos.
 
 
Composting

Composting is more than just throwing out kitchen scraps, but that is part of it. Making your own compost and adding it to your beds is a great way to amend the soil, get rid of kitchen scraps as well as leaves and grass clippings. Here is a site with a huge amount of Information on composting.. One of the mistakes I made was buying one large bin and continually adding to it. I have heard Jack Spirko from the Survival Podcast say, “That is like adding more cake mix, when the cake is already half baked in the oven.” He recommends using three small compost bins and cycling them, so you fill one, leave it alone and start filling the second and so on.

There are often community compost sites, many of which add chemicals to make the materials compost faster. If you want to avoid adding chemicals, you should be able to ask at the site.
 
 
Herbicides and Pesticides

I don’t care for either, because if it’s in the soil, it’s probably in the plant and then probably going to be eaten. There are organic ways of dealing with weeds and pests. One of the books I have on the subject is The Organic Gardener’s Handbook of Natural Insect and Disease Control: A Complete Problem-Solving Guide to Keeping Your Garden and Yard Healthy Without Chemicals.

If you have any tips to shorten the learning curve, please share them in the comment section.

 
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