April 27, 2024

School Safety Plans for an Active Shooter

school shooting

Image from the Washington Post

 

Anytime an issue is brought up multiple times by different people in very different situations, I take it as a sign from God that I should pay attention.  I feel I need to warn some of you; this topic is dark and very unpleasant to think about, especially if you have young children.  It is also very important.

In 2011 I wrote an article called “Terrorism: Beslan Style Attack At Our Schools”.  In it I explain:

“On September 1, 2004, Chechen Islamic terrorists stormed a school taking over 1,100 people hostage for three days. The terrorists were brutal, killing men and boys old enough to resist their attempts. Hostages were forced to stay in a sweltering hot auditorium with little to no food or water. Russian forces eventually stormed the school. In the end there were over 385 dead, including 31 dead terrorists. Wikipedia has a very detailed write up called Beslan school hostage crisis.

I have read articles that say there were documents found in Afghanistan that point to Beslan being practice for a similar attack in America.  Whether a Beslan-style attack or the types of school shootings we have experienced far too many times, the threat of school shootings is very real.  It is my opinion that the plans many schools have in place are ineffective and dangerous.

 

What is the Plan at Your Childs School?

Many times your child might know the school plan, as they might do practice drills.  If they don’t know, you can ask the school administration.  Let them know you have a child who attends their school and you want to know what their action plan is for a school shooting.  They may give some resistance.  If so, reassure them that you just want to know their plan to keep your child safe.  If they won’t tell you what the plan is, go over their head.

When schools make any policy, they tend to be very black and white, ie. “zero tolerance”.  I believe there are at least two problems with enacting these types of plans.  First; they do not leave room for teacher discretion.  For instance, they enact a zero tolerance for guns on school grounds and then suspend children for playing with an army man that was holding a gun, making a gun shape out of their pop tart, or using their finger as a gun (These are all real events).  The second problem is that a static plan does not account for a dynamic offender.  The best example I can think of is the lockdown, which I will cover in more detail below.

 

Lock Down

There are different ways of initiating a lockdown.  In general, an announcement is made or shots are heard.  The teacher then closes the door and gets the children out of sight of any doors or windows.  I have heard of some plans that state that the teacher will also slip a colored piece of paper under the door.  The paper could mean various things, depending on it’s color what’s written on it.  To an active shooter, those papers are a sign that someone is or was recently in that classroom.  Some schools have a police officer on campus.  Either they or school administration will call for backup or call 911 respectively.  The police have their own response plans that have changed greatly as school shootings have become more frequent.

A static lockdown plan puts all staff and students hiding in a classroom, waiting for the police, even if the shooter is on the other end of the school and an easy escape could be made.  I wonder if the same people who have devised lockdowns at our schools are the same people who say “we don’t need to own guns because it is the job of the police to keep us safe”.

 

A.L.I.C.E.

Alert, Lockdown, Inform, Counter, Evacuate. From School Security.org

“The debate grows as a number of current and former self-defense trainers, individuals with military background, and some School Resource Officers and others in law enforcement advocate for this approach.  This is often referred to as ALICE Training, where ALICE stands for Alert-Lockdown-Inform-Counter-Evacuate. ALICE and other similar programs offer little-to-nothing new with alerts and lockdowns, and schools are already being trained to have evacuation plans, and the idea of “inform” questionably assumes that someone in the school will be able to visually monitor all of the suspects while simultaneously “informing” or communicating their whereabouts to everyone in the building.

The controversial issues rise over the Counter component to the approach which advocates training children to try to “distract” and “confuse” armed suspects by throwing items and attacking the armed intruder.  Many educators, law enforcement officers, parents and school safety specialists do not support this proposed approach for “training” students in preK-12 school settings.”

The article goes on to say:

“Trump says that advocates of such training are quick to claim that opponents of the training are forcing children to become “sitting ducks” waiting to be slaughtered.  While this emotional appeal obviously strikes the chord of anxious, concerned parents, it fails to recognize many critical implementation considerations ranging from child learning and development factors, to implementation issues such as whether school districts could even possibly provide the quality and quantity of training necessary.  Those experienced in school safety who have worked with schools know that with today’s academic demands, the vast majority of schools are struggling to provide the comprehensive and ongoing training needed for the adult crisis team members and staff we entrust with the care of our children. “

Ken Trump is a School Safety Expert with 25 years in school safety experience.  Mr. Trump lists various reasons why this type of training for children is ineffective and a poor idea; from not having the budget or an adequate amount of training, to possibly drawing unneeded attention to themselves.

 

My Take:

Mr. Trump points out that “it is unrealistic to expect 25 students and a teacher to react simultaneously with split-second accuracy and timing when a person with a gun unexpectedly walks into a room.”  I agree with him.  I also think that lock down drills are the equivalent to car a mechanic only using a pliers as his only tool in any situation.  Sure, it might be the perfect tool for some jobs, but there are going to be many jobs where it won’t work very well and others where it’s a complete failure.

This isn’t a pleasant topic, but I think it’s one all parents should talk to their kids about.  You might be afraid you’ll instill some fear, but you may be surprised to find out that their school already does lockdown or other types of drills. Even if you do install a bit of fear, that fear can be used to keep them safe later.  According to Trudee, instead of fear, she sees children feeling empowered by the information and ability to play an active role in keeping themselves safe.

Trudee and I started talking to our kids about this when they hit middle school.  The schools they’ve attended use lockdowns and have one part time officer.  Mr. Trump also makes the point that some teachers have used great courage and stepped in harm’s way to keep their students safe.  I commend those heroes and praise God for them.  However, I am not willing to bank our children’s safety on the decisions someone may or may not make.

A one-size-fits-all plan just doesn’t work.  I believe us parents need to make educated decisions based upon our thoughts on the school plans, our beliefs and our children’s abilities.  After all, we know our children best.

We told our kids to use their brains; that if they thought the directions being given by the teacher made sense, to follow them, but if the teachers’ directions sounded foolish or made them feel like they were in more danger, they could make their own decision.  For instance, if they heard shooting and it sounded far enough away, to get out of the school and meet us at a certain cross street a few blocks away.

If you don’t like the plan your child’s school has and you think your child has the ability to make critical decisions, you may want to come up with an alternative plan.  Introduce it to them as an option they can use.  Find a place they can easily get to off of school grounds that provides cover and concealment.  Walk them through different routes through the school they can take to avoid the sounds of gunfire or other trouble.

Police training has changed drastically since Columbine.  Once they arrive, they will immediately enter the school to engage the shooter(s).  What your child does in those few minutes until the police arrive are what you need to consider.  Here is a video that shows how adults should act in an active shooter situation.  Run. Hide. Fight.  It might be a good idea to watch it before talking to your kids.  You might even want to have them watch it, using your discretion, of course.

 

If you liked this article please think about sharing it on the social media listed below, thanks!

Another Reminder About the AlertsUSA Giveaway

giveaway-ad3

 

This is just another reminder that AlertsUSA has generously donated 5 of the radiation safety packages for Prepared Christians who sign up for the free Threat Journal weekly newsletter.

Recently AlertsUSA did a great job answering some questions in an article called “Current Threats to America with AlertsUSA” . Following that, I posed the question “What would you do, North Korea Attacks”.

As I said in “Nuclear Preparedness: Shelter”

“While I do believe that there is a small chance of North Korea (or anyone else) dropping nukes on the United States, it is still a possibility. If I had a crazy neighbor who hated me, who had a shotgun and said he was going to use it to kill me, I would be foolish to just dismiss his threat. That doesn’t mean we should live in fear. We should just be aware of the threat and have a plan for how to respond when or if the small chance becomes a reality.”

Since there is a chance that North Korea (or a terrorist group) may launch some type of nuclear attack, having a radiation safety package could come in very handy. For those unfamiliar with NukAlert, it is a small, lightweight device that will beep when it detects radiation. It will beep from one to ten times, depending on the level of radiation.

Getting the weekly publication, Threat Journal , is a culmination of many of the alerts through the prior week. I’ve had it for the last two years and they always have a story or two I missed.

AlertsUSA has been kind enough to offer special pricing. Normally, the service is $99 a year. They are now offering their service for $75 a year for Prepared Christian readers.

This is a great opportunity to get a very nice prize. Please share it with anyone you think could be blessed by either the newsletter or a chance to win the radiation safety package.

Diet Pop Might be Artificially Sweetened Poison

This article is about preparedness but in a roundabout way.  It’s about changes I’ve made in order to be healthier and better prepared, physically, for my future.  I’m sharing in hopes that it might help some of you.  I’m also hoping you will share with me and others some of the things you have done.  I’m not going to talk about working out or getting in shape.  It’s not that I’m against it but as I mention in Preparing for Physical Limitations , I care more about functional fitness.

A little background is probably in order; I have always been a pop/soda/coke drinker.  I used to drink regular and then switched to diet ten years ago to lose some weight.  My grandmother is a type2 Diabetic, as is my father.  This gave me a 75% chance of becoming a type2 Diabetic as well.  Five years ago I was told I had become just that.

I went through a whirlwind of changes.  Meds were added but I was bound and determined to eventually control my Diabetes with diet and exercise.  Over the last five years, I have tweaked my diet and have eaten healthier than I ever have and healthier than most people I know.  I started working out and took a real world martial arts class called “Haganah”.  I’ve had a few health issues related to my back and left leg that have limited my physical activity the last couple of years.

Through it all, my weight was pretty constant and my A1C, which is the test that measures ones’ glucose level, was always on the high end.  My doctor, however, was never very concerned and added another med to control the blood sugars, saying the higher numbers could be a reaction to the pain I was having in my back and leg.  This is possible, as all kinds of stress can raise glucose levels, but it just didn’t sit right.

I went through a week or two where I was eating a very healthy diabetic diet and my numbers were even higher than usual.  I made an appointment with a diabetic educator at my clinic and brought a food log to prove I was eating a very healthy diet.  There was no reason for my blood sugar to be as high as it was. She agreed and added yet one more med, bringing the total meds to three, to control my ever climbing blood sugars.  This helped some, but they were still a bit higher than they should have been.

I started seeing a chiropractic neurologist to see if she could help with my back and leg pain.  We went over diet, physical activity, pain management and a few other things.  She said I needed to do the following: Start taking two supplements and drastically reduce the amount of diet soda/pop/coke I was drinking (she said I could have one can a day).

She asked if I was up for giving up the diet pop.  I told her I was so tired of being in pain, that if she told me to eat twigs and berries, I would.  She said she just might do that and then told me to take two natural supplements.  One was UltraGlycemX which, in my opinion, would have been the next step DOWN from twigs and berries, as far as taste goes.  This was something to mix in water twice daily.  I needed to take this while the blood sugar numbers came down and leveled off.  UltraGlycemX is a medical food that provides “Nutritional Support for Conditions Associated with Type 2 Diabetes”.

She also started me on a supplement called Protoglysen , which “provides a diverse range of botanicals to help support modulating the insulin response and support blood sugar stability”.  This is in the form of a capsule taken twice a day, and is something I will take for some time.

I had to stop drinking the diet soda/pop/coke.  She called it “poison”.  She said the chemicals, mainly the artificial sweeteners, were causing so much inflammation, which was adding to the pain and keeping any adjustment she made from doing any real good.  She said there was also a very good chance that it was the culprit for my high blood sugar levels.

She asked me to reduce the number of cans I was drinking by one or two a day, that going cold turkey might cause some nasty headaches due to the lack of caffeine, which was another thing she recommended I stop ingesting.  She said the only sweeteners I should use are Stevia or Xylitol, both being natural.  She recommended finding something to drink besides water, as many people get bored with only being able to drink water all day.

I was able to find Stevia in packets at vitamin store and even Walmart carries Stevia in the raw in packets.  We haven’t had much luck finding Xylitol.  Fair warning; Stevia can have a bitter aftertaste.  Trudee also went on the hunt for Lipton Unsweetened Decaf Iced Tea Mix and found it locally.  Another thing I found was True Lemon , which has other flavors as well.  They are an all-natural drink mix that comes in a packet you can pour into a water bottle.  Another thing I found that I enjoy very much is Sobe Lifewater.   It offers a variety of fruity drinks that are sweetened with Stevia in the form of “Pure Via”.  There are also a few soda/pop/coke companies that have started using Stevia.  Unfortunately, they are quite expensive.

I’m not going to get into the effects that Aspartame or any of the other artificial sweeteners can have, but you can find plenty of information with a quick internet search. Here are just two articles on Diet Pop; What’s So Bad About Diet Soda? And Can Diet Drinks Raise Blood Sugar Levels?

So, where has all of this gotten me?  It took me a week to get down to one Diet Dr. Pepper a day, which is what I drink now.  I stopped the UltraGlycemX a couple months after my numbers dropped down to normal ranges.  I continue to take the Protoglysen.  Remember, I said I was taking three different meds to control the diabetes and my numbers were still high?  One month after reducing to one can of Diet Dr. Pepper a day, my numbers dropped down to normal.  Roughly one month later, I saw my doctor and was taken off one Diabetes med.  I had my A1C checked and it has also dropped dramatically.  I just stopped taking a second med and my numbers haven’t risen at all.  I spoke with my doctor and he said I could stop the last med and watch the numbers closely to see if they come up.

I’m not endorsing or recommending the supplements I was put on, but if you have Type 2 Diabetes you might want to see what your doctor thinks about trying them.  I printed out information and brought it to my doctor.  He simply cautioned me to watch for potential lows, which are far more dangerous than highs.  I think the supplements had a hand in my numbers coming down, but not nearly as much as getting rid of the diet pop did.  You might be wondering why I don’t quit it completely.  It might be silly, but Diet Dr. Pepper is one of my favorite things.  I hated that I had to reduce my intake.  I look forward to my one can a day…cold dead hands.  LOL

I’m not sharing any of this for a pat on the back, but to share with you what happened when I reduced the diet soda/pop/coke.  If you drink diet pop, are a diabetic with numbers that are unusually high for no reason, or you have health issues that can’t be explained, look into the effects of the artificial sweeteners and consider reducing or stopping as much as you can.

On a side note, when my numbers were high, I hardly ever “cheated” by eating any sweets or ice cream, as I knew my numbers would skyrocket.  Since they dropped to such normal levels, I have indulged a bit and my numbers stay well within range.

 

If you liked this article please think about sharing it on the social media listed below, thanks!

Current Projects at Prepared Christian

I want to thank those of you who have been praying for me and the other employees that were recently let go. I was a bit frustrated the first day or two, but I haven’t worried at all. I know Jesus is in control and that He has a plan for me. I have been blessed and humbled by the number of people who have interceded in prayer on my behalf. Thank you again!

Today I want to share with you two projects that I’ve been working on for some time now. Since I seem to have more free time all of the sudden, I have a bit more time to dedicate to getting them ready to share with you.

The first project is an eBook. It will cover much of the material I cover on the blog, with some new. I have been asked a few times if I could give a condensed version of all posts so that people can print them. This is my answer to that. For that reason, it will be text heavy and there will only be pictures if they are needed to explain something.

I’m roughly 2/3 of the way through writing it, and hope to have it available for download in the next couple of months. I haven’t set a price, but it will be very reasonable.

The second project is something I am calling a Preparedness Club. It will be a premium membership that will offer discounts to some very big name companies that have agreed to support the Preparedness Club. If you even make a modest amount of preparedness related purchases, the membership to the Preparedness Club should pay for itself.

Here are some of the benefits of joining the Preparedness Club:

  • Support Chris and the Prepared Christian.net ministry
  • Discounts to several preparedness vendors
  • Chance at monthly giveaways (There will be a minimum of one giveaway a month and several vendors have already donated some cool prizes!)
  • 50% off all Future Prepared Christian eBooks

I haven’t settled on a price for the Preparedness Cub as of yet either but it, too, will be reasonable. I plan to have yearly and monthly memberships available. I would like to bring on a few more supporting companies before launching the Preparedness Club but I hope to be ready to launch in the next few weeks.

If you have a way that you would like to support the Preparedness Club, whether it be a discount on products or services your company offers (doesn’t have to be preparedness related), a free or discounted eBook, or any other way, please contact me at chris(at)preparedchristian(dot)net!

I recently had my second interview with Sylvia from the 21st Century HomeKeeper Radio Show. I will post the link when the show has been made available, we discussed a couple recent blog posts of mine on Frugal Preparedness, and Rules for Extended Guests.

I will also be interviewed by James Talmage Stevens (AKA Doctor Prepper), the author of Making the Best of Basics on his weekly podcast. You’ll find his book reviewed here. I’ll post a link to this interview once it goes live as well.

Thank you again for the prayer and well wishes. They are truly appreciated.

Chris

Executing a Bug Out Plan

In past articles such as “Bugging Out or Battening Down?” , I have suggested that, in the vast majority of scenarios, staying home and battening down is a far better idea.  However, there are scenarios like fire, flood, extended blackout in an urban environment and multiple others, where bugging out might be a must.  Today I want to give a quick refresher on building a bug out plan, even if you don’t have a Bug Out Location (BOL).  I’ll then give some thoughts on executing your plan.

 

Making a Bug Out Plan (BOP)

If you have a Bug Out Location (BOL), I suggest you document multiple ways to get there.  If you don’t have a BOL, you still have options.  One option is to have an agreement with a friend or relative that, if needed, you would head there.  You could go one step further and ask to store some food and gear there so you have more than what you were able to BO with.

Another option is to pick small towns, one north, one south, one east and one west of your home.  We picked towns that are 30-60 miles away, had a population of around 5,000 and, if possible, a small hotel.  You don’t have to stay at the hotel but it can serve as a rally point.  Another reason for the hotel is that if you and your family don’t bug out together but agree on which direction to take, if someone is delayed they can call the hotel and ask to leave a message for your family member who is on their way and will be checking in.

The reason I like this idea is that you have a plan to execute and won’t have to try and figure out where to go if things start going sideways.  I like the idea of four directions because you don’t know what direction things might be melting down.  For instance, many Minnesotans might think about heading ”up north” because there are many lakes, woods and plentiful wildlife.  There is a nuclear power plant along one “up north” route for us and a state penitentiary along another.  In a worst case scenario such as an EMP, there is no way I want to go near the nuclear plant, and I’d like to keep my distance from the prison as well.  It might be easier to just go east instead.

 

Documentation Package

Here is an idea that I got from Jack Spirko of The Survival Podcast; make a travel folder and stick one in each vehicle. Inside this folder you should have three destinations with three routes to each destination. Label them destination 1, 2, 3 and route A, B, C.  If you and your family are separated, you can call them and tell them to head to destination 2, following route 3 and eliminate any confusion.

I also think that you should include information like local towing companies and your insurance agent’s phone number. This is information that you will want quickly and may not have someone to call to give it to you.

 

When Should You Bug Out?

There isn’t a cut and dry answer.  The best answer I can give is that you should BO when being on the road heading to a BOL or being at the BOL is safer than being at home.  If you BO too early you can just call it a mini vacation.  If you BO too late you might find yourself in gridlock.

 

Bugging Out on Foot

As I have stated, I think that, in the vast majority of situations, battening down at home is a better solution.  If I have to BO, chances are that I’ll be able to do so in my vehicle.  But what if the worst-case scenario happens and there is an EMP that makes all vehicles with a computer inoperable?

I’ve seen many articles and forum posts that say you need to make sure you can hoof it carrying your BOB.  Ideally everyone would be injury free and in shape enough to do this, but are there options for those of us who just aren’t going to be able to carry a full BOB?

I have a few ideas that might work.  One, as you may have guessed, is the shopping cart.  Just taking one would be stealing.  If we’re talking EMP, there is a chance the store manager might be willing to sell one, if the store is even open.  I have seen bicycles modified to attach and pull shopping carts.  It could simply be pushed, or attached to a person via ropes and towed behind as they walk.

Another option, if you already own one, would be a game cart.  They have a very high weight limit and are ruggedly built to withstand bringing heavy game over rough terrain.  Yet another option is securing gear to a bicycle and walking along side.  Still another would be a wagon, though you’re pretty limited on space.  An option in snow would be a sled.

 

Traveling Safely

When people on various forums talk about bugging out, I always get the impression they mean to do so through the wilderness.  If you spend a lot of time hiking in the wilderness, this is a solid option for you.  If you don’t, you might want to give it a second thought.  Walking through rough, uneven, and often slippery terrain, dodging branches, might not be the best solution unless it can’t be avoided.

Most people will choose to travel during the day.  For this reason, you may instead choose to travel at night.  This is probably a very good idea if you live in the south, as it will be much cooler at night.

Some nontraditional routes may include following; power lines, railroad tracks, and rivers.  Use caution with railroad tracks, as some tracks go over bridges that are not made for human traffic.  Use similar caution when following rivers, as they can lead through treacherous wilderness areas, unsuitable for travel.

 

If you liked this article please think about sharing it on the social media listed below, thanks!

Reminder About the Giveaway from AlertsUSA

giveaway-ad3

 

This is just a reminder that AlertsUSA has generously donated 5 of the radiation safety packages for Prepared Christians who sign up for the free Threat Journal weekly newsletter.

Recently AlertsUSA did a great job answering some questions in an article called “Current Threats to America with AlertsUSA” .  Following that, I posed the question “What would you do, North Korea Attacks”.

As I said in “Nuclear Preparedness: Shelter”

“While I do believe that there is a small chance of North Korea (or anyone else) dropping nukes on the United States, it is still a possibility.  If I had a crazy neighbor who hated me, who had a shotgun and said he was going to use it to kill me, I would be foolish to just dismiss his threat.  That doesn’t mean we should live in fear.  We should just be aware of the threat and have a plan for how to respond when or if the small chance becomes a reality.”

Since there is a chance that North Korea (or a terrorist group) may launch some type of nuclear attack, having a radiation safety package could come in very handy.  For those unfamiliar with NukAlert, it is a small, lightweight device that will beep when it detects radiation.  It will beep from one to ten times, depending on the level of radiation.

Getting the weekly publication, Threat Journal , is a culmination of many of the alerts through the prior week.  I’ve had it for the last two years and they always have a story or two I missed.

AlertsUSA has been kind enough to offer special pricing.  Normally, the service is $99 a year.  They are now offering their service for $75 a year for Prepared Christian readers.

This is a great opportunity to get a very nice prize.  Please share it with anyone you think could be blessed by either the newsletter or a chance to win the radiation safety package.

Economic Red Flags Abroad

I posted these articles on the forum and on Facebook.  For those who don’t check either, I want to share my thoughts on them with you.  I am not an economics guy but I do learn from history.

Last weekend, Cyprus delayed a vote on whether or not to confiscate 10% of the bank accounts of private citizens; Rueters states:

“In a radical departure from previous aid packages, euro zone finance ministers want Cyprus savers to forfeit a portion of their deposits in return for a 10 billion euro ($13 billion) bailout for the island, which has been financially crippled by its exposure to neighboring Greece.”

In another report from TheAge.com from an article that has since been taken down), there was run on ATM machines:

“In a move that could set off new fears of contagion across the eurozone, anxious depositors drained cash from ATMs in Cyprus on Saturday, hours after European officials in Brussels required that part of a new €10 billion ($12.6 billion) bailout must be paid for directly from the bank accounts of savers.”

There have been reports that Cyprus is under a bank holiday until Thursday, and possibly for the rest of the week.  I have also read reports that Italy or Greece may be next and that the national government of New Zealand wanting to try a  Cyprus-style solution.  I just saw a report that the Cyprus lawmakers rejected confiscating funds, good for them.  I do not think this is the last time we have seen this tried.

Some might say this kind of thing won’t be passed through the House and Senate of our government.  To this I would point out that our leaders in the House and Senate used some pretty sleazy tactics to pass “Obama care” and other legislation.  I would also point out that we have a president who likes to use executive power, and there is precedent for the president to use executive power to confiscate money.  Franklin Delano Roosevelt used Executive Order 6102 to confiscate gold.

Am I saying it will happen here?  I don’t know, but it truly wouldn’t surprise me.  There are many in our government who would like to see us move more toward a European model of government and society.  The precedent has now been set that private bank accounts might be up for grabs.

I’m not saying to take all your money out of the bank and stuff it in the mattress, but these things should be an alarm for us.  Before things would get that bad here, I assume we will see more warning signs.  Since people far smarter than I have been warning for years that there is a very good chance our economic future might look like that of multiple European countries, I would not be surprised to see one of our more leftist leaders to suggest this.  It will be railed against, but the Overton Window will move a little.

If I were asked what we should do, I would say we should make sure we have some cash on hand.  If something like this does occur, ATM’s will run dry quickly.  Above all, make sure you have a minimum of two weeks food and medications on hand.  I don’t think in this, or multiple other scenarios that the dollar will immediately lose its purchasing power.  So don’t be afraid of holding some.  If you have some money to invest in precious metals, I personally would stay away from gold and would buy silver instead.

Pray we never see this or worse but prepare like we will!

**Update**

I was thinking about the possibility of this ever happening here and wanted to share another thought.  I think someone in the USA will bring the idea up, and it will be shot down, at least initially. If the economy gets worse and worse it might be brought up again. How many companies have asked their employes to take a pay cut so they can keep the doors open? Eventually enough people might drink the kool aid and think this sounds like a good idea.

If you liked this article please think about sharing it on the social media listed below, thanks!

Berkey Guy Giveaway

Berkeyguygiveaway

 

I wanted to let you all know about a great giveaway that one of my sponsors is doing.    As you can see from the above image, he is giving away ten 5 watt solar chargers.  Follow the link and join his various social media for multiple entries.  I was a bit tardy in posting on this, the contest ends Thursday at midnight

The Berkey Guy is who I have purchased our Berkey unit and sport bottles from, and who I will purchase from in the future, here is a review I did on my Berkey last year.  If you’re in the market for water filtration, please head to the Berkey Guy and see what he has to offer.

A Quick Personal Update

I have a quick prayer request. I, along with 11 co-workers, was let go from my job yesterday. While I’m trained in IT (computer geek), I’ve grown tired of the field and I’ve decided to use this opportunity to take a different path. If you feel led, please pray for wisdom for me and for God’s plan to unfold before me.

Thank you in advance,

Chris

Nuclear Preparedness: Shelter

fallout shelter

In two recent articles, “Current Threats to America with AlertsUSA” and “What Would You Do; North Korea Attacks” ,I mentioned the possibility of North Korea launching nukes at America.  I also mentioned that my response would involve heading to the basement.  A few people shared that they don’t have a basement and wondered what their options are.

I decided not only to give some possible options, but also to add some information about different types of nuclear attacks as well as sheltering to protect against radiation and fallout.  We’ve been led to believe that if there is a nuke attack, its game over but that’s just not the truth.  The truth is that for many who’re outside of the blast zone, with a little forethought and a quick response, many might come through the attack haggard but alive.

While I do believe that there is a small chance of North Korea (or anyone else) dropping nukes on the United States, it is still a possibility.  If I had a crazy neighbor who hated me, who had a shotgun and said he was going to use it to kill me, I would be foolish to just dismiss his threat.  That doesn’t mean we should live in fear.  We should just be aware of the threat and have a plan for how to respond when or if the small chance becomes a reality.

It’s not just us crazy Prepper’s that are concerned about this.  An article from December 2010 called “U.S. Rethinks Strategy for the Unthinkable”, explains that the government is actively taking a look at the subject and trying to educate the citizenry as well.  This article doesn’t cover things like radiation sickness, potassium iodide or decontamination.  You can find information on these and other related topics linked below.

 

Types of Attacks

There are three types of nuclear attacks.  They are: conventional, Radiological Dispersion Device (RDD) and Electro Magnetic Pulse (EMP).

 

Conventional Nuclear Explosion

A conventional nuclear explosion can be delivered by an intercontinental ballistic missile or in a small carried device such as the “suitcase nuke”.  The area of initial damage is called the blast zone.  This is where the greatest damage and loss of life will be.  There will be a shock wave that travels near the speed of sound.  This will be the second greatest damage and loss of life.  If you are in the blast zone or area of the shock wave, you would need to be in a blast rated shelter.  The size of these two areas will depend on the yield of the bomb.  Those outside of the blast zone and shockwave, depending on distance, may face nuclear fallout and radiation.

 

Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP)

I wrote an article called “EMP’s, Solar Flares and CME’s”, which explains what each one is and how they are different.   Congress established a commission to look at the threat of an EMP.  They released the following:  From The Critical National Infrastructures Report (page 9)

“The electromagnetic pulse generated by a high altitude nuclear explosion is one of a small number of threats that can hold our society at risk of catastrophic consequences. The increasingly pervasive use of electronics of all forms represents the greatest source of vulnerability to attack by EMP. Electronics are used to control, communicate, compute, store, manage, and implement nearly every aspect of United States (U.S.) civilian systems. When a nuclear explosion occurs at high altitude, the EMP signal it produces will cover the wide geographic region within the line of sight of the detonation.”

The commonly held belief is that an EMP will set the United States and possibly parts of Canada and Mexico back to the stone ages.  The truth, however, is that we don’t fully know what will happen because nothing of this scale has ever been done.  I know that the EMP effect is real.  We use a version of it on our planes to shut down surface to air missile stations.  What is arguable is how much of the country will be affected.  One recent report I have seen says that those within 1,000-1,500 miles of the area over which the detonation took place will have all electronics disabled.  I have also read reports that say one EMP would affect half of the country.

The other debatable idea is what items will be affected by an EMP.  Many people argue that all devices with an electronic circuit board would be rendered inoperable.  This would be any vehicle after say the early 1980’s.  This would include any vehicle with a computer chip in it.  Matthew Stein, author of When Technology Fails and When Disaster Strikes, which I reviewed here, has said (paraphrasing) that most vehicles that were off should run.  They may run rough, but they should run.  I have also heard reports that diesels will run after an EMP.

One other comment I have is that we wouldn’t be back to the stone ages.  They didn’t know what electricity was.  We have the knowledge and would just need to repair and replace; granted this could take many years.

Here is a very recent article explaining why the threat of an EMP is real, called Chaos from the Sky: Why the EMP Threat Is Real. Thanks to JP for forwarding it to me.

 

Radiological Dispersion Device (RDD)

Better known as a dirty Bomb,  I covered this subject in a previous article called “Terrorism: Dirty Bomb”;  The following is taken from that article.

“A dirty bomb is not a conventional nuclear explosion. It uses conventional explosives (such as dynamite) to spread radioactive material. The damage and casualty rate would be much lower then a conventional nuclear attack. The goal with this type of attack is fear. Any death or injury caused by it is an added “bonus” to the terrorist. Remember how long things were shut down after 9-11 and how badly the economy suffered? If they can scare people and get them to pause long enough, it will do much more to hurt our way of life than any damage they may have caused.”

 

Different But With Some Similarities

The flash that accompanies a nuclear detonation is also very hot.  People five to seven miles away can receive first-degree to third-degree burns on exposed skin.

 

Thermal Radiation

If you’re seven miles away from a one megaton explosion, the heat emanating from the fireball will cause a first-degree burn (equivalent to a bad sunburn), to any exposed skin facing the light. If you’re six miles away, it will cause second-degree burns, and if you’re five miles away, the thermal radiation will cause third-degree burns — a much more serious injury that would require prompt medical attention.

 

Fallout

Paraphrased from the National Terror Alert.com.

Fallout is caused by radioactive particles (Alpha radiation) that get sucked up during a nuclear explosion and come back to earth attached to dust and debris.   Fallout from a nuclear explosion may be carried by wind currents for hundreds of miles.  Radiation cannot be seen or smelled.  It can only be detected by radiation detection devices such as a Nuke Alert or a Geiger counter, among others.  Those in the fallout area will need to be in a fallout shelter with enough shielding to block the radiation; this is covered more below.

There are three factors that can lessen the impact of radiation and fallout; distance, time and shielding

 

Distance

As I mentioned above, there have been many misconceptions about the lethality of a nuclear explosion.  The information below shows the amount of damage at different distances.  This information comes from the National Terror Alert.com.

 

“1 Megaton Surface Blast: Pressure Damage
The fission bomb detonated over Hiroshima had an explosive blast equivalent to 12,500 tons of TNT. A 1 megaton hydrogen bomb, hypothetically detonated on the earth’s surface, has about 80 times the blast power of that 1945 explosion.

 

Radius of destructive circle: 1.7 miles
12 pounds per square inch

At the center lies a crater 200 feet deep and 1000 feet in diameter. The rim of this crater is 1,000 feet wide and is composed of highly radioactive soil and debris. Nothing recognizable remains within about 3,200 feet (0.6 miles) from the center, except, perhaps, the remains of some buildings’ foundations. At 1.7 miles, only some of the strongest buildings — those made of reinforced, poured concrete — are still standing. Ninety-eight percent of the population in this area are dead.

 

Radius: 2.7 miles
5 psi

Virtually everything is destroyed between the 12 and 5 psi rings. The walls of typical multi-story buildings, including apartment buildings, have been completely blown out. The bare, structural skeletons of more and more buildings rise above the debris as you approach the 5 psi ring. Single-family residences within this this area have been completely blown away — only their foundations remain. Fifty percent of the population between the 12 and 5 psi rings are dead. Forty percent are injured.

 

Radius: 4.7 miles
2 psi

Any single-family residences that have not been completely destroyed are heavily damaged. The windows of office buildings have been blown away, as have some of their walls. The contents of these buildings’ upper floors, including the people who were working there, are scattered on the street. A substantial amount of debris clutters the entire area. Five percent of the population between the 5 and 2 psi rings are dead. Forty-five percent are injured.

 

Radius: 7.4 miles
1 psi

Residences are moderately damaged. Commercial buildings have sustained minimal damage. Twenty-five percent of the population between the 2 and 1 psi rings have been injured, mainly by flying glass and debris. Many others have been injured from thermal radiation — the heat generated by the blast. The remaining seventy-five percent are unhurt.”

 

“1 Megaton Surface Blast: Fallout
One of the effects of nuclear weapons detonated on or near the earth’s surface is the resulting radioactive fallout. Immediately after the detonation, a great deal of earth and debris, made radioactive by the blast, is carried high into the atmosphere, forming a mushroom cloud. The material drifts downwind and gradually falls back to earth, contaminating thousands of square miles. This page describes the fallout pattern over a seven-day period.

Assumptions
Wind speed: 15 mph
Wind direction: due east
Time frame: 7 days

3,000 Rem*
Distance: 30 miles
Much more than a lethal dose of radiation. Death can occur within hours of exposure. About 10 years will need to pass before levels of radioactivity in this area drop low enough to be considered safe, by U.S. peacetime standards.

900 Rem
Distance: 90 miles
A lethal dose of radiation. Death occurs from two to fourteen days.

300 Rem
Distance: 160 miles
Causes extensive internal damage, including harm to nerve cells and the cells that line the digestive tract, and results in a loss of white blood cells. Temporary hair loss is another result.

90 Rem
Distance: 250 miles
Causes a temporary decrease in white blood cells, although there are no immediate harmful effects. Two to three years will need to pass before radioactivity levels in this area drop low enough to be considered safe, by U.S. peacetime standards.

*Rem: Stands for “roentgen equivalent man.” This is a measurement used to quantify the amount of radiation that will produce certain biological effects.”

 

Time

The more time that passes, the more radiation will decay.  There are multiple formulas and charts that can be used to determine the level of radiation.  One is the 7-10 rule; for every multiple of 7, the radiation has decayed to 1/10th of its strength.  This means that 90% of gamma radiation is gone after the first 7 hours; 90% of that remaining 10% is gone after 7×7=49 or two days.  (–LINK Radiation Safety In Shelters–) is a good resource.

 

Shielding

This image and following text come from the FM 3-05.70 Army Survival Manual:

 

Shielding examples FM 3-05.70

“Shielding Materials

23-31. The thickness required to weaken gamma radiation from fallout is far less than that needed to shield against initial gamma radiation. Fallout radiation has less energy than a nuclear detonation’s initial radiation. For fallout radiation, a relatively small amount of shielding material can provide adequate protection. Figure 23-1 shows the thickness of various materials needed to reduce residual gamma radiation transmission by 50 percent.”

“23-32. The principle of half-value layer thickness is useful in understanding the absorption of gamma radiation by various materials. According to this principle, if 5 centimeters (2 inches) of brick reduce the gamma radiation level by one-half, adding another 5 centimeters (2 inches) of brick (another half-value layer) will reduce the intensity by another half, namely, to one fourth the original amount. Fifteen centimeters (6 inches) will reduce gamma radiation fallout levels to one-eighth its original amount, 20 centimeters (8 inches) to one-sixteenth, and so on. Thus, a shelter protected by 1 meter (3 feet) of dirt would reduce a radiation intensity of 1,000 cGy per hour on the outside to about 0.5 cGy per hour inside the shelter.”

 

Expedient Shelters

Most of us can’t afford a ready-made fallout or blast shelter.  Even if we could, it’s not very practical.  Don’t get me wrong, I would love one and would turn it into Chris’ man cave. (That’s what HE thinks. <wink> -Trudee)  Since we don’t have a shelter to go to, knowing how to build an expedient shelter is a good skill to have and pray you never have to use.

A basement is ideal, but as was expressed last week, many American’s don’t have a basement.  Don’t fret!  I have a solution!  The reason a basement is ideal is that there is earth on four walls.  If you don’t have a basement, you need to add mass either inside or outside the walls.  The interior of the walls, to me, seems preferable.  This way you don’t have to worry about the elements or anything else destroying it.

In my example last week, I said I would take those 13 gallon bins and fill them with earth, placing them on the floor of the area above the basement, piled three feet high.

If I didn’t have a basement, one option would be to fill those same bins six or so feet high, by three feet thick, on interior walls.

If you lined the four interior walls of a room in your house, you now have a much smaller room than what you started with.  As you can see in my diagram below, you can place your bins on the outside walls of shared rooms, this will let you keep your shelter a comfortable size.

house design

If you have brick walls or a brick fireplace these would add additional shielding.  It doesn’t have to be just earth.  Here are some pictures from some old Civil Defense manuals.  Anything that adds mass can be used for shielding.  Just remember; the denser it is, the better shielding it will make.

Protect and Survive image 3

Protect and Survive image 2

Protect and Survive image 1

 

In the same army manual listed above it says in section 23-36:

It is not mandatory that you build a roof on your shelter.  Build one only if the materials are readily available with only a brief exposure to outside contamination. If building a roof would require extended exposure to penetrating radiation, it would be wiser to leave the shelter roofless. A roof’s sole function is to reduce radiation from the fallout source to your body. Unless you use a thick roof, a roof provides very little shielding.”

In many of the Civil Defense documents from the 1950’s and 1960’s, people are shown adding ceilings to their basement shelters with bricks.  If you’re building your expedient shelter in an interior room you will already have a roof to keep fallout off you.  If you have the ability to add more shielding, it can only help.

In the image I diagramed for placement of your earth filled bins, you’ll notice how the entrance overlaps.  This can also be seen in the image below.  Since radiation travels in a straight line and won’t draft in like smoke might, the overlapping shielding is enough to stop it from entering the room.

 

Shelter entrence

 

What If You’re Not at Home?

This gets much more complicated but is not impossible.  I used to work just minutes away from Minneapolis in one direction, and the Mall of America in another.  Both are considered terrorist targets.  I worked in a decent sized office building and game planned this scenario.  Not only are you faced with finding adequate shelter, but food, water and other supplies.

 

Building as shielding

 

In this image from the Department of Homeland Security, you can see by the higher numbers where the best shelter can be found in various buildings.

If you’re caught away from home and don’t see a building that would provide adequate shelter, another possible solution is to shelter under your car.

 

expedient Fallout Shelter car

 

I’m not crazy about this idea and would only use it if there were no other options.  In order to be able to do this, you would need adequate supplies to make the shelter as well as to live in it for a time.

 

What if Your Home Won’t Provide Enough Shelter?

If you live in an area where you wouldn’t be able to dig enough earth to fill bins to make a shelter, it might be a good idea to be on the lookout for places near your home that might offer adequate shelter.

 

How Long Should I Stay Sheltered?

Depending on how close you are to the blast zone, it may take several weeks for the radiation to decay to a point that it is safe to leave the shelter.  If the government is able, they will advertise that the levels are safe enough to leave the shelter.  A rule of thumb used is that after two weeks of sheltering you can leave the shelter for a limited time and continue to sleep in it.  You will need to take precautions to protect against coming into contact with fallout and you’ll need to decontaminate before going back into the shelter.  You can find information on that listed below.

 

Nuclear Power Plants

Someone made a comment last week about nuclear power plants being another danger.  From the U.S. Energy Information Administration:

“There are currently 65 commercially operating nuclear power plants with 104 nuclear reactors in 31 states around the country. Thirty-six of the plants have two or more reactors.”

This is absolutely true!  These plants require constant cooling of the reactors.  If something happened to shut the grid down, they have backup generators and enough diesel to run for two weeks.  If power has not been restored after that and the diesel hasn’t been resupplied, we would be faced with 65 chernobyls or Fukushimas.  If you live near a nuclear power plant, this is something to take into consideration.  Have a bug out plan!  In this scenario, sheltering in place is not a good idea.  The radiation is not going to decay anywhere close to the speed that it will from fallout.  The best thing to do would be to get a good distance away.

 

Resources

Here are some of the resources I have used over the years.  The first group is PDF’s of several documents on the subject.  Feel free to download them.  Even if you don’t have a basement, look at the PDF’s for basement shelters.  You can still get ideas from them.  The second group is websites I have visited.

 

Downloadable PDF’s

Radiation Safety In Shelters
Above Ground Home Shelter
Protection in the Nuclear Age
MP-15 the family fallout shelter
FM 3-05.70 Army Survival Manual
Plans for Expedient Fallout Shelters
Fallout Protection Homes with Basements
Nuclear War Survival Guide British Government
Fallout Protection What to Know and Do About Nuclear Attack

 

Links to other sites
Ready.gov; Nuclear Blast
Wikipedia: Fallout Shelter
Wikipedia: Nuclear fallout
Huge number of Civil Defense links
Wikipedia: Radiation protection WIKI
You Will Survive Doomsday By Bruce Beach
Nuclear Weapons Frequently Asked Questions
Nuclear War Survival Skills by Cresson H. Kearny  (THIS IS A MUST READ PDF)
WHAT TO DO IF A NUCLEAR DISASTER IS IMMINENT!  (THIS IS A MUST READ)

 

If you liked this article please think about sharing it on the social media listed below, thanks!